Bed

The bed is the machine’s foundation. It is heavy, strong, and built for absolute rigidity. The two ways on the top are the tracks on which the carriage and tailstock travel. To maintain an exact relationship between tool point and work piece from one end of the machine to the other, the ways must be absolutely true and accurately aligned to the line of centers and to one another.

Carriage

The carriage consists of the saddle and apron. It moves by hand or power along the bed, carrying the cross slide, compound rest, and tool post.   Its function is to support the cutting tool rigidly and move it along the bed for different operations. It locks into place by tightening the carriage lock under the cross-slide hand wheel.

Change gears

The change gears cut different thread pitches.  They also determine the feed rate. Five change gears come installed on the machine; others are packed with it.

Compound rest

Mounted on the cross slide, the compound rest swivels to any angle horizontal to the lathe axis to produce bevels and tapers. Cutting tools fasten to a tool post on the compound rest. The calibrations on the front of the base are numbered in degrees from 60° right to 60° left.

Cross slide

The F-slotted cross slide  moves crosswise at 90° to the lathe axis by manual turning of the cross-feed screw hand-wheel. It also serves as the milling table.

Drill-press and fine-feed clutch

Pushing in the drill-press clutch engages the fine feed. To work the clutch, release the spring tension by rotating the drill-press handles clockwise. Pull the clutch out to use it as a drill press or push it in to use the fine feed. Use the fine-feed hand wheel to move the quill up and down.

Forward / Off / Reverse switch

This is the main switch used to operate the lathe it is simply a forward / reverse switch for the motor. The motor turns counterclockwise for normal lathe operation and clockwise for normal milling and drilling.

Gearbox

The gearbox houses the belts that drive the spindle and change gears for the power feed.   Select the thread pitch (for threading) or the feed rate (for turning) by changing the four change gears on the right side of the gearbox.

Half-nut engagement lever

This lever, located on the apron, transmits power to the carriage when rotated 9O° to the right.

Half-nut speed selector

The two-speed selector for powering the lead screw is on the front of the headstock. The lead screw turns twice as fast in the II position as in the I position.

Headstock

The headstock, which is secured to the bed, houses the gears that drive the power feed and the taper bearings that secure the lathe spindle.

Lathe belt tensioner

To adjust the lathe belt, pull the tensioner handle forward to tighten the belt, back to loosen it.

Lathe/mill/drill clutch

The lathe/null/drill clutch is inside the gearbox. A three-position clutch, it transfers power to either the lathe or the mill, but not to both at the same time. To engage it, rotate it slowly while pushing Sight or pulling on the clutch sleeve. Pulling it to the left runs the lathe, to the right (all the way in) runs the mill/drill. The middle is neutral.

Lathe spindle

The end of the lathe spindle facing the tailstock is the spindle nose. The spindle nose, which has an MT4 taper, rotates the work piece and drives lathe chucks and other work holding devices. All attachments, such as three and four-jaw chucks, bolt to the spindle flange either directly or via an adapter plate.

Lead screw

The lead screw, which runs the length of the bed, moves the carriage for lathe turning or thread cutting. It works both manually and under power. You can also use it manually with the mill.

Locks

Locks on the cross slide, carriage, quill, and tailstock (two), keep them from moving. During machining, lock all locks except the one on the part you want to move.

Micrometer dial collars

Just inside the handles of the tailstock, cross feed, drill press, compound feed, and lead screw  there are collars calibrated in inches. The compound feed, lead screw, and cross feed are calibrated in two-thousandths, the tailstock in thousandths, and the drill press in 4O-thousandths.

These micrometer dial collars can move independently around the handle shafts. This independent motion is called float. Floating dials on the cross slide, tailstock,  and lead screw let you zero the collars at any point and read the feed travel from that point on the dial for added accuracy.

Mill-belt tensioner

To adjust the mill belt , swing the roller assembly to the front and place  the belt on the back of the roller. Loosen the roller assembly and slide it back and forth in its slot.

Millhead height adjustment

Unlock the mill-head lock and place the height adjustment handle in one of the three holes in the black collar. Turn the collar to raise and lower the mill head.

Mill spindle

The mill spindle attaches to the quill, which moves fri and out of the head. The quill lock keeps the quill still when you install or remove tools from it and while milling horizontally. Usually, tools fit into collets that attach through the spindle via drawbars.

Tailstock

The tailstock, which provides right-end support for the work, moves along the bed and can stop at any point. It has an MT3 taper and holds centers, drills, reamers, taps, and other tools. To move the tailstock spindle, turn the tailstock hand wheel.

To offset the tailstock, adjust the two base-locking bolts. To offset to the left, loosen the left adjusting bolt arid tighten the right. To offset to the right, loosen the right adjusting bolt and tighten the left.