'The relationship between the stress and strain that a particular material displays is known as that particular material's stress–strain curve. It is unique for each material and is found by recording the amount of deformation (strain) at distinct intervals of tensile or compressive loading (stress).' 

Metallography

(study of the physical structure and components of metals, by using microscopy)

Our lab uses the Buehler Testing System to prepare our samples.

The surface of a specimen is prepared:

Using the Cutoff Saw (with correct blade) to minimize effects of cutting process
Using Mounting Press, compress the specimen and mounting media (Phenolic Powder) to 4,200 psi (28.9 MPa) and heat to a temperature of 350 °F (177 °C)
Remove impacted surface layers by various methods of grinding, polishing, and etching.
After preparation, it is analyzed using optical microscopy.
Using only metallographic techniques, you can identify alloys and predict material properties.